HEREDITY

 Heredity and hereditary changes 

You know that heredity is the transfer of biological characters  from one generation to another via Gene's. 

Johann Gregory mendel is pioneer of the modern genetics. Around the period of 1886 ,it took a long time for him to understand the conclusions of his research about heredity. In 1901,the reason behind the sudden changes were understood due to the mutational theory of hugo de vies. Meanwhile in 1902 ,Walter and sutton observed the paired chromosomes in the cells of grasshopper; until then it was not known to anyone.Research started in the direction of finding the nature of genetic material when it was proved that genes are carried via chromosomes. Through which 1944,trio of scientists Ostwald  avery ,Mclyn mc cathy and colin MacLeod proved that except viruses ,all living organisms have DNA as genetic material. 

In 1961,the French geneticists Francois Jacob and Jack monald proposed a model for process  of protein synthesis with the help of DNA. Thereby ,the technique of recombinant DNA technology emerged which has vast scope in the field of genetic engineering. 

The science of heredity is useful for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of hereditary disorders, production of hybrid varieties of animals and plants and industrial processes in which microbes are used.